NEB Class 11 Biology Syllabus 2080
Class 11th Latest Biology Syllabus
Also Check: Class 11 Model Question (All Subject)
| Subject | Biology |
|---|---|
| Grades | 11 |
| Subject code | Che. 201 (Grade 11) |
| Credit hrs | 5 hrs |
| Working hrs | 160 hrs |
Introduction
This curriculum presumes that the students joining grade 11 and 12 science stream come with diverse aspirations, some may continue to higher level studies in specific areas of science, others may join technical and vocational areas or even other streams. The curriculum is designed to provide students with general understanding of the fundamental scientific laws and principles that govern the scientific phenomena in the world. It focuses to develop scientific knowledge, skill competences and attitudes required at secondary level (grade 11 and 12) irrespective of what they do beyond this level, as envisioned by national goals.
Understanding of scientific concepts and their application, in day to day context as well as the process of obtaining new knowledge through holistic approach of learning in the spirit of national qualification framework is emphasized in the curriculum. In particular, the curriculum aims to provide sufficient knowledge and understanding of science for all learners to recognize the usefulness, and limitations, of laws and principles of biology, and use them in daily lives providing a sound foundation for students who wish to study biology or related professional or vocational courses in higher education. It helps to strengthen science process skills that are relevant to the study and application of biological science in daily life. It also provides opportunity for the learners who have deeper interest in the subject to delve into the more advanced contents so that the study of biology becomes enjoyable and satisfying to all. Moreover, it helps the students to build up capacity to identify, gather, manipulate and process information in the context of scientific endeavors including field investigations in various formats on biological issues.
The curriculum prepared in accordance with National Curriculum Framework is structured for two academic years in such a way that it incorporates the level-wise competencies, grade-wise leaning outcomes, scope and sequence of contents, suggested practical/project activities, learning facilitation process and assessment strategies so as to enhance the learning on the subject systematically.
Level-wise competencies
In completion of this course, students are expected to demonstrate the following competencies:
1. relate natural and biological phenomena in the scientific manner of knowledge, understanding and investigating problems pertaining to the living world
2. use scientific instruments, apparatus and methods to collect, evaluate and communicate information accurately and precisely with biological reasoning
3. use their practical and problem-solving skills in different disciplines of biology, including those in medical, veterinary, food, agriculture, biotechnology, biosecurity, quarantine, conservation and eco-tourism and so on
4. carryout simple experiment, simple scientific research on issues related to biological phenomena
5. apply biological concepts as well as general science knowledge and skills for the wise use of the available natural resources to promote care for the environment, indigenous knowledge, social values and ethics and overall development
6. develop new biotechnological concepts and use of technology in living world.
NEB Class 11 Biology Chapter List:
| Class 11 | Theory Hours |
|
Part A: Botany |
(64 Hours) |
| 1. Biomolecules and cell biology | 15 |
| 2. Floral diversity | 30 |
| 3. Introductory microbiology | 5 |
| 4. Ecology | 11 |
| 5. Vegetation | 3 |
|
Part B: Zoology |
(64 Hours) |
| 6. Introduction to biology | 2 |
| 7. Evolutionary biology | 15 |
| 8. Faunal diversity | 34 |
| 9. Biota and environment | 10 |
| 10. Conservation biology | 3 |
| Total Theory Hours | 128 Hours |
NEB class 11 Biology (Botany and Zoology) Syllabus
| Unit | Content |
Part A: Botany |
|
| 1. Biomolecules and cell biology (15 hr) |
1.1 Biomolecules: Introduction and functions of: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, minerals, enzymes and water. 1.2 Cell: Introduction of cell, concepts of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, detail structure of eukaryotic cells (composition, structure and functions of cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria, plastids, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies, lysosomes, ribosomes, nucleus, chromosomes, cilia, flagella and cell inclusions. 1.3 Cell division : Concept of cell cycle, types of cell division (amitosis, mitosis and meiosis) and significances |
| 2. Floral diversity (30 hr) |
2.1 Introduction: Three domains of life, binomial nomenclature, five kingdom classification system (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia); status of flora in Nepal and world representation 2.2 Fungi: General introduction and characteristic features of phycomycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes; structure and Reproduction of Mucor and Yeast, introduction of Mushrooms, poisonous and non-poisonous mushrooms, economic importance of fungi. 2.3 Lichen: General introduction, characteristic features and economic importance of lichen 2.4 Algae: General introduction and characteristic feature of green, brown and red algae; structure and reproduction of Spirogyra. Economic importance of algae 2.5 Bryophyta: General introduction and characteristic features of liverworts, hornworts and moss; morphological structure and reproduction of Marchantia. Economic importance of bryophytes 2.6 Pteridophyta: General introduction and characteristic features of pteridophytes; morphological structure and reproduction of Dryopteris. Economic importance of pteridophytes 2.7 Gymnosperm: General introduction and characteristic features of Gymnosperms; morphology and reproduction of Pinus. Economic importance of gymnosperm 2.8 Angiosperm: Morphology (root, stem, leaves, inflorescences, flowers and fruit); Taxonomic study: Definition, taxonomic hierarchy, classification systems (artificial, natural and phylogenetic) of angiosperms, taxonomic description of the families – Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, and Liliaceae with economic importance |
| 3. Introductory microbiology (5 hr) |
3.1 Monera: General introduction, structure of bacterial cell, mode of nutrition, bacterial growth; cyanobacteria (blue green algae). 3.2 Virus: General introduction, structure and importance of virus, bacteriophage 3.3 Impacts of biotechnology in the field of microbiology. |
| 4. Ecology (11 hr) |
4.1 Ecosystem ecology: Concept of ecology, biotic and abiotic factors, species interactions; concept of ecosystem, structural and functional aspects of pond and forest ecosystem, food chain, food web, trophic level, ecological pyramids, productivity, biogeochemical cycle - carbon and nitrogen cycles, concept of succession. 4.2 Ecological Adaptation: Concept of adaptation, hydrophytes and xerophytes. 4.3 Ecological Imbalances: Green house effects and climate change, depletion of ozone layer, acid rain and biological invasion. |
| 5. Vegetation (3 hr) |
a. Vegetation: Introduction, types of vegetation in Nepal, concept of In-situ (protected areas) and Ex-situ (botanical garden, seed bank) conservation. Natural environment-vegetation and human activities |
Part B: Zoology |
|
| 6. Introduction to biology (2 hr) | 6.1 Introduction to Biology: Scope and fields of biology. Relation with other science. |
| 7. Evolutionary biology (15 hr) |
7.1 Life and its Origin: Oparin-Haldane theory, Miller and Urey's experiment. 7.2 Evidences of evolution: Morphological, Anatomical, Paleontological, Embryological and Biochemical. 7.3 Theories of evolution: Lamarckism, Darwinism & concept of Neo Darwinism. 7.4 Human evolution: Position of man in animal kingdom. Differences between new world monkeys & old world monkeys, apes & man. Evolution of modern man starting from anthropoid ancestor. |
| 8. Faunal diversity (34 hr) |
8.1 Protista: Outline classification. Protozoa: diagnostic features and classification up to class with examples; Paramecium caudatum, Plasmodium vivax - habits and habitat, structure, reproduction, life-cycle and economic importance of P. falciparum. 8.2 Animalia: Level of organization, body plan, body symmetry, body cavity and segmentation in animals. Diagnostic features and classification of the following phyla (up to class) with examples:Porifera, Coelenterata (Cnidaria), Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes (Nemathelminthes), Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata and Chordata. Earthworm (Pheretima posthuma): Habit and habitat, External features; Digestive system (alimentary canal & physiology of digestion), Excretory system (types of nephridia, structure and arrangement of septal nephridia), Nervous system (central & peripheral nervous system, working mechanism) & Reproductive systems (male & female reproductive organs), Copulation,Cocoon formation and Economic importance. Frog (Rana tigrina): Habit and habitat, External features, Digestive system (alimentary canal, digestive glands & physiology of digestion), Blood vascular system (structure & working mechanism of heart), Respiratory system (respiratory organs & physiology of respiration) and Reproductive system (male & female reproductive organs). |
| 9. Biota and environment (10 hr) |
9.1 Animal adaptation: Aquatic (Primary & Secondary), Terrestrial (Cursorial, Fossorial & Arboreal) and Volant adaptation. 9.2 Animal behavior: Reflex action, taxes, dominance and leadership. Fish and bird Migration. 9.3 Environmental Pollution: Sources, effects and control measures of air, water and soil pollution. Pesticides & their effects. |
| 10. Conservation biology (3 hr) |
10.1 Conservation Biology: Concept of biodiversity, biodiversity conservation, national parks, wildlife reserves,conservation areas, biodiversity hotspots, wetland & Ramsar sites. Wildlife-Importance, causes of extinction and conservation strategies. IUCN categories of threatened species- meaning of extinct, endangered, vulnerable, rare, and threatened species. Endangered species in Nepal. |
| Theory Hours: | 128 Hrs |
